Biomechanical Calculations

Figure 6: golf swing with angular measurements.

 Calculation 1.

The Angular velocity calculated in the golfer’s swing was 41.94 rad/s at downswing. This result is the characteristics of a recreational or amateur golfer. In comparison, a top male professional golfer can achieve angular velocities of 70-90 rad/s at downswing (Zheng et al., 2008; Nesbit & Serrano, 2005). This finding suggests that the subjects swing mechanics are potentially holding them back from maximizing clubhead speed.

 

Calculation 2. Hypothetical Improved Timing

A second scenario was tested by decreasing the time taken for the same angular displacement:

With an improved angular velocity of 65 rad/s being significantly closer to elite performance ranges indicates that improved downswing timing could enhance clubhead speed and overall shot performance. These results highlight the importance of efficient kinematic sequencing and timing in the downswing. By reducing the time taken to through the same angular displacement and accelerating the downswing increased angular velocity by 58%. Overall leading to increased clubhead speed at impact.  This highlights that slight changes in technique including faster rotational acceleration can result in improvements to swing speed.

To improve the golfers 41.94 rad/s and push closer towards the more optimal range of 65 rad/s, several key biomechanical factors can be addressed. Firstly. It is important that the golfer is optimising the proximal to distal sequencing, beginning with pelvis rotation, followed by the thorax, arms and club, which is essential for maximising energy transfer. More efficient timing of this sequence ensures each segment builds upon the momentum of the previous one (Cheetham et al., 2008).  Further, the golfer can improve on a larger separation between pelvis and thorax, also known as the X factor stretch. This will allow for elastic energy in the trunk muscles to be released in the downswing, overall increasing rotational torque and angular velocity (Myers et al., 2008). Finally, the golfer can improve by effective use of vertical and horizontal ground forces (GRF’s). Focusing on pushing the lead leg into the ground during transition from backswing to downswing, will allow for improved pelvis rotation and whole-body acceleration. Overall increasing the clubhead speed (Ball & Best, 2007).